鱼油对自闭症有帮助吗?

瑾心 2/28/2009

脂肪酸治疗法 (Fatty acids)

 资料来源: 英国自闭症协会 (The National Autism Society, UK)

• 治疗理论:

(Richardson, 2001; Richardson, 2003a; Richardson, 2003b; Richardson and Ross, 2003 Richardson, 2004; Richardson, 2006). 根据公元2006年近期的研究, 发现Ω3和Ω6脂肪酸在脑内的发展和作用, 扮演著关键的角色; 研究建议Ω3和Ω6的不平衡或是高度的缺乏会导致行为的异常和学习的困难, 和脑神经运作发展的混乱, 包括自闭症.

目前的结论

• 研究员Amminger在公元2007年争辩说，他们的研究提供初步证据Ω3脂肪酸也许是对自闭症的一种有效的治疗法; 但这项研究的自闭症对象,仅有13个参加者.

• 在公元2008由Politi继续研究, 没有发现脂肪酸对自闭症者的行为有任何的重大改善, 研究样本太小, 仅有19个自闭症参加者.

• 研究员现在进一步研究并扩大研究的自闭症者人数, 以能确认脂肪酸对自闭症的影响.

身体如何吸收脂肪酸?

• 人体不能自己制造脂肪酸 (fatty acid).
• Omega 6 存在各种食用油类中, 如玉米油和葵花仔油, 所以一般人不缺omega-6.

• omega-3 不能在平常食物中得到, 因为我们所食用的食品都经过加工处理, 都已含有氢化油 (hydrogenation), 它会阻止身体吸收脂肪酸, 一般omega-3 可从 Flax seed 或 flax seed oil 或 鱼油 (fish oil) 中取得 .

References (参考资料)

Amminger, G. P. et al (2007). Omega-3 fatty acids supplementation in children with autism: a double-blind randomized, placebo-controlled pilot study. Biological Psychiatry, 61(4), pp. 551-553 Bell, J. G. et al (2000). Red blood cell fatty acid compositions in a patient with autistic spectrum disorder: a characteristic abnormality in neurodevelopmental disorders? Prostaglandins Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids, 63(1-2), pp. 21-25 Politi, P. et al (2008). Behavioural effects of omega-3 fatty acid supplementation in young adults with severe autism: an open label study. Archives of Medical Research, 39(7), pp. 682-685 Richardson, A. (2001). Fatty acids in dyslexia, dyspraxia, ADHD, and the autistic spectrum. The Nutrition Practitioner, 3(3), pp. 18-24, 66 Richardson, A. J. (2003a). The role of omega 3 fatty acids in behaviour, cognition and mood. Scandinavian Journal of Nutrition, 47(2), pp. 92-98 Richardson, A. (2003b). Fatty acids in dyslexia, dyspraxia, ADHD, and the autistic spectrum. Inverness: Food and Behaviour Research Richardson, A. J. (2004). Clinical trials of fatty acid treatment in ADHD, dyslexia, dyspraxia and the autistic spectrum. Prostaglandins Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids, 70(4), pp. 383-390 Richardson, A. J. (2006). Omega-3 fatty acids in ADHD and related neurodevelopmental disorders. International Review of Psychiatry, 18(2), pp. 155-172 Richardson, A. J. and Montgomery, P. (2005). The Oxford-Durham study: a randomized, controlled trial of dietary supplementation with fatty acids in children with developmental coordination disorder. Pediatrics, 115(5), pp. 1360-1366 Richardson, A. J. and Ross, M. A. (2000). Fatty acid metabolism in neurodevelopmental disorder: a new perspective on associations between attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, dyslexia, dyspraxia and the autistic spectrum. Prostaglandins Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids, 63(1-2), pp. 1-9 Richardson, A. and Ross, M. (2003). Physical signs of fatty acid deficiency. Inverness: Food and Behaviour Research Trevarthen, C. et al (1998). Children with autism: diagnosis and interventions to meet their needs. 2nd ed. London: Jessica Kingsley Publishers. 1853025550. Vancassel, S. (2001). Plasma fatty acid levels in autistic children. Prostaglandins Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids, 65(1), pp. 1-7