ABA 初级训练内容
myhomegogo @2008.04.22 ( 11 Views ) 特殊教育
ABA programs - Requesting assistance
Objective: Requesting assistance. When the assistance of another is needed, the child will convey this through the use of an appropriate sign/ and or verbal approximation for 80% of the opportunites provided for three consecutive sessions.
Sign language for “Help”:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vubOI51IP0E
ABA programs - Termination
Objective: Indicating termination : When finished with an item/activity or desiring to be finished, the child will request termination with a sign and or verbal approximation for 80% of the opportunites provided for three consecutive sessions.
Sign language for “All done”:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hrSCxbF9Xwc
ABA programs - Preference
Objective: Indicating preference : The child will point to the item to indicate preference for 80% of the opportunites provided for three consecutive sessions
ABA programs - Eye contact
Objective: The child will look at others when his name is called. This will improve his ability to imitate the behavior of others as well as attend to others
Instruction: “xxx, look”, or ” Look at me”
ABA programs - 1-step instructions
Objective: The child will be able to follow one-step instructions given by his parents and educators on a consistent bases.
Sd: Instruction (eg: come here, sit down)
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1. Sit down
2. Wave byebye
3. Gie me a hug
4. Kiss baby
5. Clap your hands
6. give me five
7. Blow a kiss
8. stand up
9. put it on the table
ABA programs - Object imitation
Objective: The child will imitate actions with objects.
Sd: “Do this” with a demonstration of an action with a particular object
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1. Block in bowl
2. Block under bowl
3. Block on top of bowl
4. Blocks side by side
5. Block on block
6. Hug baby
7. Kiss baby
8. Feed baby (w/spoon)
9. Wipe baby’s face
10. Feed baby (w/bottle)
11. Cover baby
12. Brush baby’s hair
13. Brush baby’s teeth
14. phone to ear
15. Drink from cup
ABA programs - Motor imitation
Objective: The child will imitate gross motor movements. This will increase his imitative play and hopefully teach him the concept of imitation so he can imitate speech sounds.
Sd: “Do this” with a demonstration of a gross motor action
Generalization: The child should imitate hand motions to songs. Imitation should also occur in a variety of environments outside the session room.
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1. Tap table
2. Clap hands
3. Arms up
4. Wave
5. Tap tummy
6. Wipe table
7. Hands to cheeks
8. Tap legs
ABA programs - Matching
Obejsctive: The child will match identical and non-identical objects and pictures
Stimuli: “March” or “put the same”
Discrete Trial teaching procedure:
1.Sit across from the child
2. establish attending
3. Place s items or pictures on the table (3a. with paper cue)
4. Give the child an item or picture that matched one of the items on the table
5. say “march” or “put with same”
A. Initially use a full physical prompt and guide the child to place the item on or next to the identical item. after 3 fully prompted trials, use least to most prompting procedure
B. Fade prompts as soon as possible. Be very careful not to look toward the correct response
6. Reinforce correct responses including prompted trials. use differential reinforcement for unprompted trials.
7. If the child fails to respond or responds incorrectly:
Remove all items from the talbe. Look away for 3 seconds
Place the items back on the table in the same order and prompt the correct response using least to most prompting procedure
Run the trial again to ensure the child can respond independnetly.
Task Analysis:
Identical Objects
Identical Pictures
Object to picture
Picture to Object
Non-identical objects
Non-identical pitures
ABA programs - Receptive verbs
Objectives: the child will point/touch pictures of individuals engaging in verb actions
Prompts: “Point to/ touch Verb action”
Prompting levels/ steps:
1. Fully physical
2. Gesture/ point prompt
3. Independent
Reinforcement schedule: Initially reinforce after every trial with a prefered reinforcer. Graually move to intermittent reinforcement system for generalized skills
Mastery Criterion:
80% of the first 10 trials three consecutive days/sessions at an independent level. 2 different people must get 80% or better to move to next set item.
Discrete Trial teaching procedures:
A. Initial teaching:
Sit across from the child
Place 3 verb action pictures on the table
Give the promt
The correct response is for the child to touch or hand the appropriate card to the therapist. Initially, tach errorlessly and then fade prompts
Be very careful not to look toward the correct response
Once he is responding independently. if he touches two items or touches the incorrect item immediately, remove items from the table, look away for 3-5 seconds, and repeat the trial. Repeat it again to ensure that the child can respond independently.
*. Generalization: The child should be able to respond to multiple examples of each item.
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Verbs LIST:
Eating
Drinking
Sleeping
Waving
Kissing
Coloring
Jumping
Standing
Blowing
Reading
Clapping
Knocking
Sitting
Swimming
Crying
Riding
Brushing
ABA programs - Quiet Hands
Obejective: To be able to respond to “quiet hands” by folding hands on the table or in the lap for 80% of the opportunities provided for three consecutive sessions.
Materials: None
Reinforcers: Social, assess for tangibles
Stimuli(Prompt): “Quiet hands”
ABA programs - Receptive/Expressive Picture labels
Continue running Receptive/Expressive Identification program until a minimum of 50 labels is met. After 10 pictures have been mastered in discrete trials, begin running probe trials to identify future labels to target. If child is able to label picture independently the first 3 trials (mark as + in probe clomn) consider that label mastered and include in maintenance trials. If the child scores - on any probe, begin teaching that label discreely.
Labels List
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Spoon
Book
Shoe
Car
Crayon
Ball
Train
Cat
Dog
Clock
Duck
Bear
Block
Cup
Chair
Flowers
Broom
Swing
Keys
Slide
Computer
Grass
Wagon
Bird
Bike
Plane
Bed
Doll/Baby
Coat
Hairbrush
Soap
Phone
Bubles
Toothbrush
Scissors
Stove
Shovel
Pool
TV
Square
Circle
Fork
Triangle
Black
White
Red
Blue
Green
Heart
White
ABA programs - Object Imitation /Sound Imitation
Roll Car / “Vroom”
Bang Hammer / “Bang bang bang”
Eat from Spoon / “Yum Yum”
Rub Tummy / MMM
Tissue to nose (Sneeze) / Achoo
Hug Baby / “ahh”
Knock on door / “knock knock”
Arms up / “hooray”
Bounce ball / “boing boing”
Phone to ear / “hello” or “hi”
ABA programs - Function of objects (receptive /expressive)
Drink from /cup
Eat with / Fork
Build with /blocks
Sit on /Chair
Throw/ Ball
Sleep in /Bed
Brush hair with / Hairbrush
Ride /Bike
Color with /Crayon
Wash with/ soap
Sweep with / Broom
read /book
Blow/ bubbles
Talk on / phone
Brush teeth /toothbrush
CUt with/ Scissors
Cook on/ stove
Dig with / shovel
swim in/ pool
watch / TV
